Sophie Cooper is a Senior Scientific Adviser at the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in England, where she leads scientific policy and research activities to improve methods for NICE’s health technology assessments (HTA) and guideline development, to help practitioners and commissioners get the best care to patients fast while ensuring value for the taxpayer. Sophie is leading NICE’s contribution to the UK’s new antimicrobial products subscription model, which seeks to address the market failure of companies not investing in the development of new antimicrobials. It is the first scheme in the world to delink revenue from volume of antimicrobials sold, and instead pay companies a fixed annual fee for antimicrobials based primarily on their expected value.